A Critical Analysis on AI Techniques and Applications in Smart Systems

Abstract

AI remains one of the key predicates of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in terms of automation, intelligent computing and creation of smart systems. This paper critically analyzes AI techniques and their applications across various fields, including healthcare, cybersecurity, smart cities, finance, and agriculture. It explores the role of AI in decision support systems, context-aware computing, and intelligent automation. The paper discusses key AI methodologies such as machine learning, deep learning, data mining, fuzzy logic, and knowledge representation, highlighting their contributions to smart system development. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in AI deployment, such as data privacy concerns, algorithmic biases, and scalability issues, while proposing future research directions to enhance AI-driven solutions. The findings emphasize AI's transformative potential and its impact on Industry 4.0, fostering innovation, efficiency, and sustainability.